Tag: civil authorities

Orthodoxy & the Courts: ecclesiastical questions are unavoidable

Until the early 1980s, some OCA parishes in the Diocese of Eastern Pennsylvania used the Old Calendar. In 1982, then-Bishop Herman Swaiko of Philadelphia ordered all of his parishes to switch to the New Calendar. Predictably, this wasn't universally well-received. The majority of St. Basil Orthodox Church in Simpson, PA...

Neutral Principles of Law in a Bulgarian parish dispute

Today I'll be discussing Aglikin v. Kovacheff, a 1987 Illinois appellate court case involving a dispute over control of St. Sophia Bulgarian Orthodox Church in Chicago. The key question, in this case, concerns the extent of the diocesan bishop's authority over the local parish. The bishop had dismissed certain members of the parish board of...

Hanna v. Malick: the Russy-Antacky schism in the Michigan Supreme Court

Prior to Bishop Raphael Hawaweeny's death in 1915, pretty much all the Syrian (Antiochian) Orthodox in America recognized his authority. This included St. George Syrian Orthodox Church of Grand Rapids, Michigan, which was incorporated in 1910. The parish was under St. Raphael, and all seemed to be well. But in...

Ecumenical Patriarch denied appeal of Bishop Dionisije

Well, this is interesting. Lately, I've been looking at the Supreme Court case Serbian Diocese v. Milivojevich, which pitted the representatives of the Serbian Church against the incumbent American bishop, Dionisije, who had been defrocked by the Serbian Holy Assembly. The big question, which the Court answered in the negative,...

Neutral Principles of Law and the Problems of Deference

So far, we've been discussing the role of civil courts in church property disputes in the context of the "deference" approach: that is, the courts will defer to the decisions of the highest church authorities. This was the position taken by the Supreme Court in both of its major Orthodox cases, Kedroff v. St. Nicholas Cathedral...

Serbian Diocese v. Milivojevich, Part 1: Justice Brennan’s majority opinion

We've introduced the first major Supreme Court case dealing with Orthodoxy, Kedroff v. St. Nicholas Cathedral (1952). Today, we'll begin an analysis of the other landmark case, Serbian Eastern Orthodox Diocese v. Milivojevich (1976). Justice Brennan's majority opinion includes a lengthy historical background on the case, and I won't go...

1965 Yale Law Journal article on the Moscow-Metropolia Supreme Court case

In May 1965, the Yale Law Journal published a paper entitled, "Judicial Intervention in Church Property Disputes: Some Constitutional Considerations," by Dennis E. Curtis. (For the lawyers reading this, the citation is 74 Yale L.J. 1113.) This paper focuses primarily on Kedroff v. St. Nicholas Cathedral, which we've been discussing...

NY Times article on Moscow-Metropolia Supreme Court case

From the New York Times, November 25, 1952, page 31: U.S. COURT VOIDS ACT ON RUSSIAN CHURCH State Law to End Communist Sway in Orthodox Cathedral Here Is Upset by Ruling RELIGIOUS FREEDOM CITED 8-to-1 Decision Holds Action Violated 14th Amendment -- Jackson Lone Dissenter BY CLAYTON KNOWLES WASHINGTON, Nov....

Moscow v. the Metropolia, part 4: initial impressions

To read my previous articles on the 1952 Supreme Court case Kedroff v. St. Nicholas Cathedral, click here. For the full text of the Supreme Court opinions, click here. In my last four articles, I summarized the majority, concurring, and dissenting opinions in Kedroff v. St. Nicholas Cathedral. Here, I will...